Endoscopy in Cancer Diagnosis at the National Cancer Centre Singapore

Endoscopy is an important medical procedure to diagnosis and manage cancers affecting the digestive tract, respiratory system and other organs. At the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS), endoscopic procedures are performed by experienced specialists using advanced imaging systems to obtain clear, real-time views of internal organs and tissues. These findings support early detection, precise diagnosis, and informed treatment planning.

What Is an Endoscopy

An endoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera and light to examine the inside of the body. Unlike open surgery, it allows specialists to view internal structures directly, obtain tissue samples (e.g. biopsy), and perform minor treatments (e.g. remove polyps) using small access points.

While most commonly performed for gastrointestinal conditions, endoscopy is also used in the diagnosis and management of cancers involving the lungs, urinary tract, and head and neck region, depending on each patient’s clinical needs.

How Endoscopy Supports Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

At NCCS, endoscopy is part of a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach to cancer care. It provides essential diagnostic information that guides clinical decision-making and personalised management plans.

• Early detection: Endoscopy allows specialists to identify lesions, ulcers, or polyps at an early stage. 
• Accurate diagnosis: Tissue samples collected during the procedure (biopsy) will be examined to confirm the presence and type of cancer as well as extent or stage of the disease. 
• Tumour or polyp removal: Early-stage cancers, especially in the stomach or esophagus, can be removed during an endoscopy. Large polyps, which can become cancerous, can also be removed during the procedure to prevent cancer from developing. 
• Treatment planning: Findings from endoscopy help clinicians plan appropriate surgical or oncologic interventions. 
• Therapy monitoring: Follow-up endoscopies assess response to treatment and check for recurrence. 
• Collaborative care: Results are reviewed within multidisciplinary teams to ensure a comprehensive and patient-centred approach.

Patient Preparation and Safety

• Endoscopy is generally a safe and well-tolerated procedure, performed under careful supervision. Below are some precautions to ensure your safety and comfort during the procedure. 
• Inform your care team if you have heart or lung conditions, metal implants, pacemakers, or allergies. 
• Follow fasting or bowel-preparation instructions carefully, as advised. 
• You may be asked to remove metallic objects or jewelry before the procedure. 
• Mild sedation is commonly used to help you relax and minimise discomfort.

NCCS’s nurses and endoscopy staff will guide you through each step and ensure you are comfortable throughout the process.

What to Expect During an Endoscopy

1. Referral and Scheduling

Your specialist at NCCS will determine whether an endoscopy is required as part of your diagnostic or treatment plan.

2. Before the Procedure

Preparation instructions will be provided, including fasting requirements and medication adjustments if necessary.

3. During the Procedure

You will receive mild sedation for comfort. The endoscope is gently inserted to allow real-time visual examination and, if required, tissue sampling.

4. After the Procedure

Recovery is usually quick. You can resume normal activities once sedation has worn off, unless otherwise advised. Your specialist will discuss with you the findings and next steps.

Our Expertise in Cancer Imaging and Endoscopy

Endoscopy services at NCCS are provided by various specialists from the Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, and the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Working closely with clinical teams from the Division of Oncologic Imaging, Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, and the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, our experts perform diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that support accurate cancer detection, staging, and ongoing care.

NCCS also collaborates with local and international partners to enhance imaging accuracy, procedural safety, and innovation in cancer diagnosis.

Guidance and Support

Endoscopy is one of several diagnostic tools available at NCCS to support comprehensive cancer evaluation and management. Your specialist will discuss the purpose of the procedure, preparation steps, and how the results will guide your care plan.

For more information about endoscopy and other diagnostic services, visit www.nccs.com.sg or speak with your NCCS care team.