Although proton therapy is very similar to conventional radiotherapy and can be used to treat almost any cancers, the high cost of treatment means that we are required to use proton for patients who will benefit most from it. Currently, proton therapy may be appropriate for some patients for the following conditions on the current MOH-approved list of indications:
List of conditions
For all patients
➢ Ependymoma
➢ Pituitary adenoma
➢ Acoustic neuroma
➢ Base of skull meningioma
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
For patients younger than 25 years old
➢ Retinoblastoma
➢ Medulloblastoma
➢ Chordoma/ chondrosarcoma base of skull or spine
➢ Ependymoma
➢ Craniopharyngioma
➢ Intracranial germ cell tumour
➢ Primitive neuroectodermal tumours
➢ Esthesioneuroblastoma
➢ Neuroblastoma
➢ Pineal parenchymal tumours (not pineoblastoma)
➢ Glioma
Click here to learn more about brain tumours.
➢ Ependymoma
➢ Pituitary adenoma
➢ Acoustic neuroma
➢ Base of skull meningioma
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
For patients younger than 25 years old
➢ Retinoblastoma
➢ Medulloblastoma
➢ Chordoma/ chondrosarcoma base of skull or spine
➢ Ependymoma
➢ Craniopharyngioma
➢ Intracranial germ cell tumour
➢ Primitive neuroectodermal tumours
➢ Esthesioneuroblastoma
➢ Neuroblastoma
➢ Pineal parenchymal tumours (not pineoblastoma)
➢ Glioma
Click here to learn more about brain tumours.
➢ Advanced (e.g., T4) and/or unresectable head and neck cancers
➢ Oropharyngeal cancer
➢ Cancers of the paranasal sinuses and other accessory sinuses
➢ Salivary gland cancer for patients younger than 25 years old
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
Click here to learn more about head and neck cancers.
➢ Oropharyngeal cancer
➢ Cancers of the paranasal sinuses and other accessory sinuses
➢ Salivary gland cancer for patients younger than 25 years old
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
Click here to learn more about head and neck cancers.
➢ Oesophageal cancer
➢ Advanced high risk inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
Click here to learn more about digestive tract cancers.
➢ Advanced high risk inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
Click here to learn more about digestive tract cancers.
For all patients
➢ Base of skull chordoma
➢ Base of skull chondrosarcoma
➢ Spinal and paraspinal bone and soft tissue sarcoma
➢ Non-metastatic retroperitoneal sarcomas
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
For patients younger than 25 years old
➢ Ewing sarcoma
➢ Spinal/ paraspinal bone and soft tissue sarcoma
➢ Rhabdomyosarcoma: orbit, parameningeal, head and neck, pelvis
➢ Pelvic sarcoma
➢ Osteosarcoma
Click here to learn more about vbone and soft tissue cancers.
➢ Base of skull chordoma
➢ Base of skull chondrosarcoma
➢ Spinal and paraspinal bone and soft tissue sarcoma
➢ Non-metastatic retroperitoneal sarcomas
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
For patients younger than 25 years old
➢ Ewing sarcoma
➢ Spinal/ paraspinal bone and soft tissue sarcoma
➢ Rhabdomyosarcoma: orbit, parameningeal, head and neck, pelvis
➢ Pelvic sarcoma
➢ Osteosarcoma
Click here to learn more about vbone and soft tissue cancers.
➢ Locally advanced cancers undergoing concurrent chemoradiation therapy
Click here to learn more about prostate cancer.
Click here to learn more about prostate cancer.
• Central and peripheral nervous system
➢ Retinoblastoma
➢ Medulloblastoma
➢ Chordoma/ chondrosarcoma base of skull or spine
➢ Ependymoma
➢ Craniopharyngioma
➢ Intracranial germ cell tumour
➢ Primitive neuroectodermal tumours
➢ Esthesioneuroblastoma
➢ Neuroblastoma
➢ Pineal parenchymal tumours (not pineoblastoma)
➢ Glioma
Click here to learn more about childhood cancers.
• Musculoskeletal
➢ Ewing sarcoma
➢ Spinal/ paraspinal bone and soft tissue sarcoma
➢ Rhabdomyosarcoma: orbit, parameningeal, head and neck, pelvis
➢ Pelvic sarcoma
➢ Osteosarcoma
Click here to learn more about musculoskeletal tumours.
• Salivary gland cancer
Click here to learn more about salivary gland tumours.
➢ Retinoblastoma
➢ Medulloblastoma
➢ Chordoma/ chondrosarcoma base of skull or spine
➢ Ependymoma
➢ Craniopharyngioma
➢ Intracranial germ cell tumour
➢ Primitive neuroectodermal tumours
➢ Esthesioneuroblastoma
➢ Neuroblastoma
➢ Pineal parenchymal tumours (not pineoblastoma)
➢ Glioma
Click here to learn more about childhood cancers.
• Musculoskeletal
➢ Ewing sarcoma
➢ Spinal/ paraspinal bone and soft tissue sarcoma
➢ Rhabdomyosarcoma: orbit, parameningeal, head and neck, pelvis
➢ Pelvic sarcoma
➢ Osteosarcoma
Click here to learn more about musculoskeletal tumours.
• Salivary gland cancer
Click here to learn more about salivary gland tumours.
Stay Healthy The Easy Way
Get trusted health advice, offers and more.
Stay Ahead in Healthcare Industry
Subscribe to our exclusive updates for healthcare professionals.
Keep Healthy With
HealthXchange
Health Videos
© 2025 SingHealth Group. All Rights Reserved.